LAWMAKERS are scheduled to vote on Tuesday on the North Korea Sanctions Enforcement Act, which proposes to deny North Korea the hard currency they say it needs for its weapons programs. Holding the vote on Tuesday puts it on the same day as President Barack Obama’s final State of the Union address.
But former State Department officials said any new sanctions won’t have teeth unless China makes a major shift in policy toward its rebellious ally.
Separately, a panel of experts on North Korea said existing United Nations sanctions against the reclusive country are going unenforced.
The House bill is sponsored by Rep. Ed Royce, the Republican chairman of the House Foreign Affairs Committee. The new sanctions would put “targeted economic financial pressure” on North Korean leader Kim Jong Un, Royce said on Monday ahead of the vote, arguing that a failure to respond aggressively will embolden Pyongyang.
Rep. Eliot Engel, the committee’s top Democrat, said Kim is on a “dangerous, destabilizing course” and the US needs to act unilaterally to show the North Koreans that “there are consequences for their actions.”
Royce’s committee unanimously approved the measure in February 2015 and it remained there until last week when North Korea announced it had conducted a fourth nuclear test—this one detonating a thermonuclear device with massive destructive power.
The announcement was met with doubt that North Korea had set off a hydrogen bomb, which would mark a major technological advance for Pyongyang’s limited nuclear arsenal. But it could take weeks or even longer to confirm or refute the claim. Yet, lawmakers are pushing ahead.
In the wake of the announcement, Republicans derided the Obama administration for not being more forceful in its policy toward North Korea. Royce said the administration’s approach of “strategic patience” toward North Korea has failed to stop its nuclear program.
It’s uncertain what the bill’s prospects will be in the Senate if it’s passed by the House.
But Sen. Bob Corker, the Republican chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, said he wants the US and its allies “to take a more assertive role in addressing North Korea’s provocation.”
A central part of Royce’s legislation is to make so-called blocking sanctions mandatory rather than discretionary as currently permitted through existing regulations.
The sanctions are mandated against any country, business or individual, that materially contributes to North Korea’s nuclear and ballistic missile development, imports luxury goods into North Korea, or engages with Pyongyang in money laundering, the manufacture of counterfeit goods, or narcotics trafficking, according to the legislation.
A similar tactic was used by the Treasury Department a decade ago, Royce said, and it drained North Korea of the hard currency essential for buying the parts and supplies necessary for weapons development and missile production. Nor did Pyongyang have enough money to pay its army or police forces.
But Joseph DeThomas, a former senior State Department official who advised on Iran and North Korea sanctions policy until February 2013, said new sanctions wouldn’t force change in Pyongyang, unless China is convinced of the strategic consequence of North Korea having nuclear weapons that could threaten America.
Image credits: AP/Manuel Balce Ceneta