|
‘That
dollar isn’t funny anymore.’’ That’s how economist
Stephen Green and his colleagues at Standard Chartered
Bank titled a recent report, and their observation was
as spot on as any.
The
dollar’s swoon has gone from amusing to sobering in
Asia, which is at a crossroads with a currency that has
long been a cornerstone of its economies. While angst
over the rising euro grabs the headlines, the dollar’s
about-face may affect Asia more than any region outside
the United States.
You
don’t have to read the financial pages to see that the
dollar’s days of ruling the world are numbered. Keen
insights can also be gained perusing gossip columns.
Much
interest followed rapper Jay-Z flashing a stack of
500-euro notes in his latest video. The
New York
native seemed to know what many hedge-fund managers were
slow to grasp: Europe’s single currency is in, the
dollar is out. Newspapers from
Bangkok
to Seoul gave the story prominent placement.
Similar
intrigue accompanied reports that Brazilian supermodel
Gisele Bundchen was a dollar bear. Somehow, Asians
didn’t much care that Warren Buffett of Berkshire
Hathaway Inc. and Bill Gross of Pacific Investment
Management Co. were down on the dollar. Yet reports
about the model’s preference for euros turned heads and
made headlines in
Asia.
“Rappers
and supermodels are not renowned for their intellectual
or financial prowess, but in fact these examples are
more important” than most, says Mark Matthews, Hong
Kong-based strategist at Merrill Lynch & Co.
Private
flows
Take the
case of
Thailand
10 years ago. Matthews was based in Bangkok back then
and had a firsthand view of the forces precipitating the
Asian crisis. It was private capital flows that decided
the fate of the currency, not central bankers or
politicians. Once rich Thais lost faith in the baht and
took their money out, authorities were at a loss to stop
the dynamic.
“As was
the case with the Thai baht devaluation, we cannot have
a clue as to the specifics of what happens if the dollar
loses its status,” Matthews says. “Experts say it’s
impossible, but that’s the way regime change goes.”
Again,
what a couple of celebrities do with their fortunes
doesn’t necessarily portend a dollar crash. Yet taken
with other signs of the dollar’s waning appeal—including
its 14-percent drop against the euro in the last 12
months—such anecdotes are food for thought.
Thickening the plot is Henry Paulson’s benign neglect.
The US Treasury secretary is dropping no hints of
serious concern about the dollar’s slide. Nor has he
proposed a way to get to the bottom of the US subprime-loan
crisis and keep it from occurring again.
‘Your
problem’
The
sense of economic drift in
Washington
is the talk of Asian markets, and it’s partly why the
dollar is losing favor. In 1971, one of Paulson’s
predecessors, John Connally, said: “It may be our
currency, but your problem.” Few regions of the world
may find a dollar plunge more problematic than Asia.
The
risks to
China alone are daunting. “If the US dollar were to collapse
and remain weak on a sustained basis,
Beijing
would face an intense dilemma,” Standard Chartered’s
Green wrote in a report yesterday.
Maintaining an undervalued currency is the key to
creating the millions of jobs China needs to maintain
stability. That effort will be complicated by the yuan
becoming cheaper against the euro and Asian currencies.
The resulting trade surpluses would add even more
liquidity to
China’s
economy and increase political tensions globally.
Adjustments
The rest
of Asia would have serious adjustment problems, too. The
region remains wedded to weak exchange rates, and the
loss of competitiveness would be felt from Tokyo to
Jakarta. The challenges would increase once Asian
central banks begin moving their vast currency reserves
out of dollars to avoid losses.
Looked
at another way, a shift away from the dollar could be a
plus for Asia in the long run. While destabilizing and
disorienting, it’s not a given that the dollar’s demise
would lead to a global recession. That didn’t happen in
the second half of the 20th century when the dollar
unseated the British pound.
All this
raises questions. Will rampant globalization since then
and the increased complexity of investments lead to a
bumpier transition this time? What eventually replaces
the dollar? The euro? The yuan? A single Asian currency?
Asia’s gain
Even so,
as more investors realize how vulnerable the dollar is,
their money will need to go somewhere.
“Some of
it is going to where there are better growth prospects,
namely Asia,” Matthews says. “This has been one of our
major investment theses for some time now—that Asian
stocks have been going up, and will continue to go up,
not only because of what’s happening here, but also
because of what’s not happening somewhere else.”
What the
dollar’s demise means is debatable. What’s not is that
the currency is losing its luster in a region that has
long embraced it. Just ask the world’s rappers and
models. |